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什么是塑料焊接技术？常用塑料焊接技术介绍
顾名思义，塑料焊接是指将两个独立的塑料件焊接为一体。学术上来说塑料焊接是一种基于自粘接过程的塑料连接技术。自粘合性是指当两个表面接触时，能形成稳态键的能力。
As the name suggests, plastic welding refers to the welding of two independent plastic parts. Technically, plastic welding is a plastic bonding technology based on the self bonding process. Self adhesion is the ability to form a steady state bond when two surfaces are in contact.
塑料焊接适用于热塑性塑料，因为热固性塑料加热时不能软化或重熔。塑料焊接方法可分为通过外加热源软化、通过机械运动方式软化、和通过电磁作用软化几种。我们具体来看一下：
Plastic welding is suitable for thermoplastics, because thermosetting plastics cannot be softened or remelted when heated. The plastic welding method can be divided into softening by means of external heat source, softening by mechanical movement and softening by electromagnetic action. Let's take a look at it:
一．外加热源软化
I. softening of applied heat sources
1.热板焊接
1. hot plate welding
热板焊接可能是最简单的塑料焊接技术，但这种方式特别适合于需要大面积焊接面的大型塑料件的焊接，一般是平面电热板将需焊接的两平面熔融软化后迅速移去电热板合并两平面并加力至冷却。
Welding hot plate welding technology is probably the most simple plastic, but this method is especially suitable for welding on the welding surface of the large area large pieces of plastic, are generally planar electric heating plate will be two plane melt welding softening rapidly after the merger of two plane and remove the heating plate to the cooling power.
热板焊接机
Hot plate welding machine
这种方法焊接装置简单，焊接强度高，制品、焊接部的形状设计相对来说比较容易。但由于热板产生的热量使制品软化，周期较长；熔融的树脂会粘附到电热板上且不易清理（电热板表面涂F4可减轻这种现象），时间长了形成杂质影响粘接强度；需严格控制压力和时间保证适当的熔融量；当不同种类的树脂或金属与树脂相接合进，会出现强度不足的现象。
The method has the advantages of simple welding device and high welding strength, and the shape design of the product and the welding part is relatively easy. But due to the heat generated by the hot plate of the product cycle is longer; softening, the molten resin will be adhered to the electrothermal board and is not easy to clean (electric heating plate coated with F4 can alleviate this phenomenon), a long time the formation of impurities affecting bonding strength; the need to strictly control the pressure and time to ensure that the appropriate amount of melt; when different the resin or metal and resin to join, will appear the phenomenon of insufficient strength.
2.热风焊接
2. hot air welding
当热风气流直接吹向接缝区时，导致接缝区与母材同材质的填充焊丝熔化。通过填充材料与被焊塑料熔化在一起而形成焊缝。
When the hot air stream blows directly to the joint zone, the welding line of the filler material with the same material as the base metal melts. A weld is formed by fusing the filler material with the plastic to be welded together.
螺旋式塑料焊枪
Screw type plastic welding gun
这种焊接方法焊接设备轻巧容易携带，但对操作者的焊接技能要求比较高。
This welding method, welding equipment is light, easy to carry, but the operator's welding skills requirements are relatively high.
3.热棒和脉冲焊接
3. hot rod and pulse welding
这两项技术主要用在连接厚度较小的塑料薄膜的焊接。并且这两种方法相似，都是将两片薄膜紧压在一起，利用热棒或镍铬丝产生的瞬间热量完成焊接。
These two technologies are mainly used to weld the plastic film with smaller thickness. And the two methods are similar, are two films tightly pressed together, the use of hot rods or nickel chromium wire produced by the instantaneous heat to complete the welding.
并且这两种方法相似，都是将两片薄膜紧压在一起，利用热棒或镍铬丝产生的瞬间热量完成焊接。
And the two methods are similar, are two films tightly pressed together, the use of hot rods or nickel chromium wire produced by the instantaneous heat to complete the welding.
二．机械运动软化
Two. Mechanical movement softening
1.摩擦焊接
1. friction welding
塑料摩擦焊接机
Plastic friction welding machine
按运动轨道可分为直线型和旋转型；直线型可用于直线焊缝的焊接和平面焊接的焊接，旋转型可用于圆形焊缝的焊接。在利用压力下的两部分在磨擦过程中产生的磨擦热量使接触部分的塑料熔融软化，对正固定直到凝结牢固。
According to the moving track can be divided into linear and rotary type; linear type can be used for welding straight line welding and flat welding, and rotary type can be used for welding round welds. In the two part of the use of pressure, the frictional heat produced during friction will soften the melted plastic in the contact and fix it until it is firm.
2.超声波焊接
2. ultrasonic welding
使用高频机械能软化或熔化接缝处的热塑性塑料。被连接部分在压力作用下固定在一起，然后再经过频率通常为20或40千赫的超声波振动，换能器把大功率振动信号，转换为相应的机械能，施加于所需焊接的塑料件的接触界面，焊件接合处剧烈擦瞬间产生高热量，从而使分子交替熔合，从而达到焊接效果。
Thermoplastic plastics that soften or melt joints at high frequencies using mechanical energy. By connecting part under pressure are fixed together, and then through the ultrasonic vibration frequency is usually 20 or 40 kHz, the high power transducer vibration signal is converted to the corresponding mechanical energy, applying plastic contact interface to the required welding, welding joint severe rub instantly generates high heat, so that the alternate molecular fusion, so as to achieve the effect of welding.
塑料超声波焊接机
Plastic ultrasonic welding machine
其优点是：快速、灵活、焊接过短稳定且不需焊剂或保护气体，也不产生有害气体或熔渣，产品焊接质量有保证。
The utility model has the advantages of fast and flexible welding, short welding, stability, no welding flux or protection of gas, no harmful gas or slag, and the welding quality of the product is guaranteed.
三.电磁作用软化
Three. Softening by electromagnetic action
1.高频焊接
1. high frequency welding
塑料高频焊接机
Plastic high-frequency welding machine
利用电磁感应原理高频感应加热技术，穿透塑料制品对埋藏于塑料件内部的感应体或磁性塑料产生感应加热，被焊塑料在快速交变电场中可以产生热量而使需焊接部位迅速软化熔融，继而填充接口间隙，并以完善的机械装置辅助达到完美焊接。
Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction of high frequency induction heating technology, through plastic products have induction heating of buried plastic parts inside the sensor body or magnetic plastic, plastic welding can produce heat and make the welding site rapid softening and melting fast in alternating electric field, and then fill in the gap, and to assist in the development of mechanical devices to achieve perfect welding.
2.红外线焊接
2. infrared welding
红外线焊接机
Infrared welding machine
这项技术类似于电热板焊接，将需要焊接的两部分固定在贴近电热板的地方但不与电热板接触。在热辐射的作用下，连接部分被熔融，然后移去热源，将两部分对接，压在一起完成焊接。
This technique is similar to the electric plate welding, which requires the two part of the welding to be fixed to the electric heating plate, but not to the electric heating plate. Under the influence of heat radiation, the connecting part is melted, and then the heat source is removed, and the two parts are butted and pressed together to complete the welding.
这种方式不产生焊渣、无污染，焊接强度大，主要用于PVDF、PP等精度要求很高的管路系统的连接。回复“PP”查看更多
This method does not produce welding slag, no pollution, welding strength, mainly used in PVDF, PP and other precision requirements of the high pipeline system connection. Reply to "PP" to see more
3.激光焊接
3. laser welding
激光透射塑料焊接原理
Principle of laser transmission plastic welding
它的原理是将激光产生的光束通过反射镜、透镜或光纤组成的光路系统，聚焦于待焊接区域，形成热作用区，在热作用区中的塑料被软化熔融，在随后的凝固过程中，已融化的材料形成接头，待焊接的部件即被连接起来。
It is the principle of the optical system of laser beam generated by a reflector, a lens or optical fiber, focusing on the area to be welded, the formation of the heated region, in the heated region in plastic softening melting, in subsequent solidification process, the melted material forming the joint, the welding parts is connect.
激光焊接轿车尾灯罩，来源于Globo 官网
Laser welding car taillight cover, from Globo official website
通常用于PMMA、PC、ABS、LDPE、 HDPE、PVC、PA6、PA66、PS等透光性好的材料，在热作用区添加碳黑等吸收剂增强吸热效果。
Usually used for PMMA, PC, ABS, LDPE, HDPE, PVC, PA6, PA66, PS and other light transmittance of good material, in the heat affected zone, add carbon black and other absorbent, enhance the endothermic effect.
塑料激光焊接的优点较多：焊接速度快、精度高；自动化、精密数控容易实现；成本相对较低。因此，塑料激光焊接技术在汽车、医疗器械、包装等领域得到了比较广泛的应用。
Plastic laser welding has many advantages, such as high welding speed and high precision, automatic and precise numerical control is easy to realize, and the cost is relatively low. Therefore, the plastic laser welding technology has been widely used in automobile, medical equipment, packaging and other fields.
As the name suggests, plastic welding refers to the welding of two independent plastic parts. Technically, plastic welding is a plastic bonding technology based on the self bonding process. Self adhesion is the ability to form a steady state bond when two surfaces are in contact.
塑料焊接适用于热塑性塑料，因为热固性塑料加热时不能软化或重熔。塑料焊接方法可分为通过外加热源软化、通过机械运动方式软化、和通过电磁作用软化几种。我们具体来看一下：
Plastic welding is suitable for thermoplastics, because thermosetting plastics cannot be softened or remelted when heated. The plastic welding method can be divided into softening by means of external heat source, softening by mechanical movement and softening by electromagnetic action. Let's take a look at it:
一．外加热源软化
I. softening of applied heat sources
1.热板焊接
1. hot plate welding
热板焊接可能是最简单的塑料焊接技术，但这种方式特别适合于需要大面积焊接面的大型塑料件的焊接，一般是平面电热板将需焊接的两平面熔融软化后迅速移去电热板合并两平面并加力至冷却。
Welding hot plate welding technology is probably the most simple plastic, but this method is especially suitable for welding on the welding surface of the large area large pieces of plastic, are generally planar electric heating plate will be two plane melt welding softening rapidly after the merger of two plane and remove the heating plate to the cooling power.
热板焊接机
Hot plate welding machine
这种方法焊接装置简单，焊接强度高，制品、焊接部的形状设计相对来说比较容易。但由于热板产生的热量使制品软化，周期较长；熔融的树脂会粘附到电热板上且不易清理（电热板表面涂F4可减轻这种现象），时间长了形成杂质影响粘接强度；需严格控制压力和时间保证适当的熔融量；当不同种类的树脂或金属与树脂相接合进，会出现强度不足的现象。
The method has the advantages of simple welding device and high welding strength, and the shape design of the product and the welding part is relatively easy. But due to the heat generated by the hot plate of the product cycle is longer; softening, the molten resin will be adhered to the electrothermal board and is not easy to clean (electric heating plate coated with F4 can alleviate this phenomenon), a long time the formation of impurities affecting bonding strength; the need to strictly control the pressure and time to ensure that the appropriate amount of melt; when different the resin or metal and resin to join, will appear the phenomenon of insufficient strength.
2.热风焊接
2. hot air welding
当热风气流直接吹向接缝区时，导致接缝区与母材同材质的填充焊丝熔化。通过填充材料与被焊塑料熔化在一起而形成焊缝。
When the hot air stream blows directly to the joint zone, the welding line of the filler material with the same material as the base metal melts. A weld is formed by fusing the filler material with the plastic to be welded together.
螺旋式塑料焊枪
Screw type plastic welding gun
这种焊接方法焊接设备轻巧容易携带，但对操作者的焊接技能要求比较高。
This welding method, welding equipment is light, easy to carry, but the operator's welding skills requirements are relatively high.
3.热棒和脉冲焊接
3. hot rod and pulse welding
这两项技术主要用在连接厚度较小的塑料薄膜的焊接。并且这两种方法相似，都是将两片薄膜紧压在一起，利用热棒或镍铬丝产生的瞬间热量完成焊接。
These two technologies are mainly used to weld the plastic film with smaller thickness. And the two methods are similar, are two films tightly pressed together, the use of hot rods or nickel chromium wire produced by the instantaneous heat to complete the welding.
并且这两种方法相似，都是将两片薄膜紧压在一起，利用热棒或镍铬丝产生的瞬间热量完成焊接。
And the two methods are similar, are two films tightly pressed together, the use of hot rods or nickel chromium wire produced by the instantaneous heat to complete the welding.
二．机械运动软化
Two. Mechanical movement softening
1.摩擦焊接
1. friction welding
塑料摩擦焊接机
Plastic friction welding machine
按运动轨道可分为直线型和旋转型；直线型可用于直线焊缝的焊接和平面焊接的焊接，旋转型可用于圆形焊缝的焊接。在利用压力下的两部分在磨擦过程中产生的磨擦热量使接触部分的塑料熔融软化，对正固定直到凝结牢固。
According to the moving track can be divided into linear and rotary type; linear type can be used for welding straight line welding and flat welding, and rotary type can be used for welding round welds. In the two part of the use of pressure, the frictional heat produced during friction will soften the melted plastic in the contact and fix it until it is firm.
2.超声波焊接
2. ultrasonic welding
使用高频机械能软化或熔化接缝处的热塑性塑料。被连接部分在压力作用下固定在一起，然后再经过频率通常为20或40千赫的超声波振动，换能器把大功率振动信号，转换为相应的机械能，施加于所需焊接的塑料件的接触界面，焊件接合处剧烈擦瞬间产生高热量，从而使分子交替熔合，从而达到焊接效果。
Thermoplastic plastics that soften or melt joints at high frequencies using mechanical energy. By connecting part under pressure are fixed together, and then through the ultrasonic vibration frequency is usually 20 or 40 kHz, the high power transducer vibration signal is converted to the corresponding mechanical energy, applying plastic contact interface to the required welding, welding joint severe rub instantly generates high heat, so that the alternate molecular fusion, so as to achieve the effect of welding.
塑料超声波焊接机
Plastic ultrasonic welding machine
其优点是：快速、灵活、焊接过短稳定且不需焊剂或保护气体，也不产生有害气体或熔渣，产品焊接质量有保证。
The utility model has the advantages of fast and flexible welding, short welding, stability, no welding flux or protection of gas, no harmful gas or slag, and the welding quality of the product is guaranteed.
三.电磁作用软化
Three. Softening by electromagnetic action
1.高频焊接
1. high frequency welding
塑料高频焊接机
Plastic high-frequency welding machine
利用电磁感应原理高频感应加热技术，穿透塑料制品对埋藏于塑料件内部的感应体或磁性塑料产生感应加热，被焊塑料在快速交变电场中可以产生热量而使需焊接部位迅速软化熔融，继而填充接口间隙，并以完善的机械装置辅助达到完美焊接。
Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction of high frequency induction heating technology, through plastic products have induction heating of buried plastic parts inside the sensor body or magnetic plastic, plastic welding can produce heat and make the welding site rapid softening and melting fast in alternating electric field, and then fill in the gap, and to assist in the development of mechanical devices to achieve perfect welding.
2.红外线焊接
2. infrared welding
红外线焊接机
Infrared welding machine
这项技术类似于电热板焊接，将需要焊接的两部分固定在贴近电热板的地方但不与电热板接触。在热辐射的作用下，连接部分被熔融，然后移去热源，将两部分对接，压在一起完成焊接。
This technique is similar to the electric plate welding, which requires the two part of the welding to be fixed to the electric heating plate, but not to the electric heating plate. Under the influence of heat radiation, the connecting part is melted, and then the heat source is removed, and the two parts are butted and pressed together to complete the welding.
这种方式不产生焊渣、无污染，焊接强度大，主要用于PVDF、PP等精度要求很高的管路系统的连接。回复“PP”查看更多
This method does not produce welding slag, no pollution, welding strength, mainly used in PVDF, PP and other precision requirements of the high pipeline system connection. Reply to "PP" to see more
3.激光焊接
3. laser welding
激光透射塑料焊接原理
Principle of laser transmission plastic welding
它的原理是将激光产生的光束通过反射镜、透镜或光纤组成的光路系统，聚焦于待焊接区域，形成热作用区，在热作用区中的塑料被软化熔融，在随后的凝固过程中，已融化的材料形成接头，待焊接的部件即被连接起来。
It is the principle of the optical system of laser beam generated by a reflector, a lens or optical fiber, focusing on the area to be welded, the formation of the heated region, in the heated region in plastic softening melting, in subsequent solidification process, the melted material forming the joint, the welding parts is connect.
激光焊接轿车尾灯罩，来源于Globo 官网
Laser welding car taillight cover, from Globo official website
通常用于PMMA、PC、ABS、LDPE、 HDPE、PVC、PA6、PA66、PS等透光性好的材料，在热作用区添加碳黑等吸收剂增强吸热效果。
Usually used for PMMA, PC, ABS, LDPE, HDPE, PVC, PA6, PA66, PS and other light transmittance of good material, in the heat affected zone, add carbon black and other absorbent, enhance the endothermic effect.
塑料激光焊接的优点较多：焊接速度快、精度高；自动化、精密数控容易实现；成本相对较低。因此，塑料激光焊接技术在汽车、医疗器械、包装等领域得到了比较广泛的应用。
Plastic laser welding has many advantages, such as high welding speed and high precision, automatic and precise numerical control is easy to realize, and the cost is relatively low. Therefore, the plastic laser welding technology has been widely used in automobile, medical equipment, packaging and other fields.
